With the reign of Basil II, Armenians were encouraged to leave Armenia proper and settle in other areas of the Byzantine Empire. After Manzikert (1071 A.D.), Byzantine governors of Armenian ethnicity began to assert their independence. Philaretos asserted lordship over Malayta, Marash, Edessa and Antioch.

By the time of the First Crusade, Cilicia was controlled by two Armenian families - the Rupenids in the north and the Het'umids in the west. The Rupenids were often in conflict with Byzantium while the Het'umids commonly supported Byzantium. At the time of the Third Crusade, Lewon, the head of the Rupenid family, was to be crowned by Frederick Barbarossa. Frederick's premature death by drowning aborted this event but Lewon was eventually crowned as king of the Armenians in 1198 with royal insignia delivered by the imperial chancellor of Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor.

Lewon's heir and daughter was married to the principal Het'umid heir ending the conflict between the two families in 1226. Lewon's reign was probably the height of Cilician Armenia's independent power.

Het'um I, the heir to the marriage, may have acknowledged Seljuk overlordship early in his reign. With the arrival of the Mongols and the Mongol defeat of the Seljiuks at Kose Dagh in 1243, Het'um was quick to submit to the Mongols seeking national advantages and personally visiting Karakorum from 1253-1256. The Mongol alliance resulted in Cilician Armenian expansion eastwards to the Euphrates. Armenians frequently were rumored to participate in Mongol armies most notably in the storms of Aleppo and Damascus.

Later Armenians fought and/or allied with the Frankish kingdoms and the Mamluke Sultan Baibars. The Mameluke Sultanate eventually destroyed the Cilician Armenian kingdom allowing it to be replaced by the Ramazanids, of Turkish origin, in 1375 A.D.

Era: Triumph of Cavalry		Later Cilician Armenian 1071-1375 A.D.	CR: H: 4 L: 4			BP: 2	Init: 5
Core
Number	Type	Description	Key	FV	PROT	Weapon	Cost
2	HC	Armenian	X	5(0)0	+1	Lances	11
2	LC	Turk,Mongol, etc. allies	X	2(0)0	+1	Various/bows	8
2	FT	Armenian Armored Spearmen	X	5(1)1	+2	Various	7
3	SI			2(1)1	+2	Bows	2
Bonus:
4	HC	Armenians	X	5(0)0	+1	Lances	11
2	FT	Armenian Armored Spearmen	X	5(1)1	+2	Various	7
2	FT	Armenian X-bows	X	4(1)1	+1	Crossbows	6
2	LC	Turk, Mongol, etc. allies	X	2(0)0	+1	Various/bows	8
4	LC	Turk,Mongol, etc. allies	X	1(0)0	+1	Bows	6
2	LI	Hillmen		4(1)2	+1	Javelins	7
2	SI			2(1)1	+2	Bows	2
		Crusader or Cypriot Lusignan Allies (only after 1098)
1	KN(d)	Religious Orders*	X	6(2)0	+2	Lances	14
2	HC(d)	Crusaders**	X	5(1)0	+1	Lances	11
2	FT	Crusaders	X	5(1)1	+1	Spear/X-bow	8

Terrain:

Core: 1 SH

Bonus: (Max: 3 ) 3 GR, 2 SH, 2 RG

Notes:

Core: 96 Bonus: 180

*Religious orders may only be used after 1150 A.D. Between 1150 A.D. and 1225 A.D., the Knights of the Religious Orders are 5(1)0 HC(d) with Protection + 2 at a cost of 12 points. It is only after 1225, that the knights of the religious orders may be fielded as 6(2)0 KN(d) with Prot + 2.

**Any or all Crusader HC may be upgraded to Prot. +2 after 1190 A.D. at the cost of 1 extra bonus point per unit upgraded.

**Crusader FT may be upgraded to Prot. +2 after 1225 A.D. at the cost of 1 extra bonus point per unit upgraded.

From 1225 A.D. on and later, the army is limited to opponents in the Age of Chivalry. Before 1225, it may fight opponents in either the Triumph of Cavalry or Age of Chivalry eras. In tournament play, it may fight any opponents permited by the tournament organizer.

List Author: Subodai